What AI metadata is
AI metadata is information stored in the image file, not in the picture. The most visible kind is C2PA Content Credentials, a signed record of who made the image and how it was edited. It lives in a separate block of the file, so it is not part of the pixels.
Other fields do similar jobs. XMP and IPTC tags can say an image is AI-generated or AI-edited. EXIF and PNG text chunks written by some generators can hold the model name, the settings and sometimes the prompt. Each of these is a field a tool can read, and a field a tool can remove.